The Enrichment Effect

Animals raised in enriched environments have been shown to have the following physiological changes over animals raised under standard laboratory conditions: •Larger brains •More new brain cells and neural connections •Better brain cell survival. The result of these physical changes in brain structure result in the following intellectual emotional benefits: •Improved ability to learn remember…

Breeding The Big Picture

In the canine world, inbreeding is defined as breeding closely related dogs to each other, i.e. parent to offspring (vertically) or brother to sister or half-brother to half-sister (horizontally). Let me stress right away that inbreeding in itself can be a valuable tool to ‘fix’ certain desired genes and should not be quickly